Gráficos e padrões de velas

Gráficos e padrões de velas

Candlestick charts are one of the ferramentas mais populares for analysing price movements in financial markets. Each candlestick represents price changes over a specific time period, such as 1 minute, 5 minutes, 1 hour, or 1 day. 

A candlestick provides four key pieces of information: 

-         Preço aberto  – the price at the start of the period 

-         Fechar preço – the price at the end of the period 

-         Preço Alto – the highest price reached 

-         Preço baixo – the lowest price reached 

 

How a candlestick is formed

Each candlestick consists of two main parts: 

·        Body – the difference between the opening and closing prices 

·        Wicks (shadows) – thin lines above or below the body showing the highest and lowest prices 

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Wick importance:

·        Long upper wick – price went up but was pushed back down (bearish signal) 

·        Long lower wick – price dropped but was pushed back up (bullish signal) 

·        Short wicks – a more stable market with less price fluctuation 

What to watch for in Candlesticks?

1.     Body size:

-         Large body – strong buying or selling pressure 

-         Small body – indecision in the market 

2.     Wick length:

-         Long wicks – price tested extreme levels but was rejected 

-         Short wicks – low volatility and stable prices 

3.     Candlestick position:

-         Near support or resistance levels, candlestick patterns can signal potential trend reversals or breakouts 

 

Candlestick patterns you should know

Candlestick patterns help traders identify possible trend reversals or trend continuations. 

 

a) Single Candlestick Patterns

1.Doji 

Description: Opening and closing prices are very close or equal. Meaning: Market uncertainty, balance between buyers and sellers 

Types of Doji:

-         Neutral Doji – equal buying and selling pressure 

-         Long-legged Doji – high volatility but no clear direction 

-         Gravestone Doji – long upper wick, bearish signal 

-         Dragonfly Doji – long lower wick, bullish signal 

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2. Pin Bar (Hammer/Inverted Hammer):

Description: Small body with a long wick. Meaning: Signals a trend reversal 

tipos:

-         Hammer – long lower wick, bullish reversal

-         Inverted Hammer – long upper wick, potential bullish reversal 

3. Marubozu:

Description: A candlestick without wicks, only a body 

tipos:

-         Bullish Marubozu – strong uptrend signal 

-         Bearish Marubozu – strong downtrend signal 

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b) Two-Candlestick patterns

1.Engulfing pattern:

-         Bullish Engulfing: A larger bullish candle fully engulfs the previous bearish candle → potential uptrend 

-         Bearish Engulfing: A larger bearish candle engulfs the previous bullish candle → potential downtrend 

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2.Harami:

A smaller second candle is contained within the body of the first candle 

-         Bullish Harami: A bearish candle followed by a smaller bullish candle → possible trend reversal upward 

Bearish Harami: A bullish candle followed by a smaller bearish candle → possible trend reversal downward 

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3. Tweezer top / bottom:

-         Tweezer Top: Two candles with the same high → bearish reversal 

-         Tweezer Bottom: Two candles with the same low → bullish reversal 

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c) Multi-Candlestick patterns

1.Morning Star (Bullish reversal):

Padrão:

  1. Large bearish candle 

  2. Small-bodied candle (Doji or Spinning Top) 

  3. Large bullish candle closing above the midpoint of the first candle 

2.Evening Star (Bearish Reversal):

Padrão:

  1. Large bullish candle 

  2. Small-bodied candle 

  3. Large bearish candle closing below the midpoint of the first candle 

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3.Three white soldiers:

Pattern: Three consecutive bullish candles with higher closes → strong uptrend 

4.Three black crows:

Pattern: Three consecutive bearish candles with lower closes → strong downtrend 

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5.Rising three methods:

Padrão:

  1. Large bullish candle 

  2. Three small bearish candles (temporary correction) 

  3. Another large bullish candle confirming trend continuation 

 

6.Falling three methods:

Padrão:

  1. Large bearish candle 

  2. Three small bullish candles (temporary pullback) 

  3. Another large bearish candle confirming downtrend continuation 

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Prazos

Um período de tempo is the period represented by one candlestick on a chart. Traders choose timeframes based on their trading style. 

Por exemplo:

• If the selected timeframe is 1H (hourly chart), each candle represents the price movement over one hour.
• Conversely, with a 1D timeframe (daily chart), each candle represents the price movement for the entire day.

 

Common time frames:

A)    Short-term (Scalping & Intraday trading)

-         1 Minute (M1) – shows price movement per minute 

-         5 Minutes (M5) – shows price movement every 5 minutes 

-         15 Minutes (M15) – each candlestick represents 15 minutes of price action 

-         30 Minutes (M30) – each candlestick represents 30 minutes 

When to use: Best for short-term trades but may give false signals due to volatility. 

 

B)    Medium term (Swing trading)

-         1 Hour (H1) – each candlestick represents one hour 

-         4 Hours (H4) – each candlestick represents four hours 

Use: Suitable for traders holding positions for a few days. 

 

C)    Long-term (Position trading & Investing)

-         1 Day (D1) – each candlestick represents one day 

-         1 Week (W1) – each candlestick represents one week 

-         1 Month (MN) – each candlestick represents one month 

Usage: Best for long-term market analysis and investments. 

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